Django Note

Environment:

Python3.5+

Conda

Django 2.0

    pip install django==2.0

Commands to Start a Project

1. Create a project:

sudo django-admin startproject xxx

2. Run the server:

sudo python3 manage.py runserver 0:8000

Then we can open http://127.0.0.1:8000/ to see the website

3. Create a app in project

sudo python3 manage.py startapp app1

Different Usages of Files

1. views.py

Deal with visible things

2. models.py

Define the models

3. admin.py

Define Admin module

4. apps.py

Defile the apps

5. tests.py

place to write test cases

6. urls.py (We create ourselves)

manage routers

Url Address:

http://127.0.0.1:8000/app1/hello_world

Create Models

- Update defined date to database

Defile models in models.py:

class Article(models.Model):
    # ID
    article_id = models.AutoField(primary_key = True)
    # Title
    title = models.TextField()
    # Abstract
    abstract = models.TextField()
    # Date
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now = True)
    # Content
    content = models.TextField()

1. Create migration files

sudo python3 manage.py makemigrations

2. Migratie files

sudo python3 manage.py migrate

Then, database will automatically update according to the setting

Django Shell

- Using Django Shell to create an article

1. Open shell mode

sudo python3 manage.py shell

2. import model

from app1.models import Article

3. Create a new article

a = Article()

4. define properties

a.title = 'test shell'

a.content = 'test content'

a.article_id = 1

a.abstract = 'test abstract'

5. save to database

a.save()

6. Get data from database

articles = Article.objects.all()

7. Get the first one

article = articles[0]

8. print title

print(article.title)

Django Admin Module

- Django Admin Module is a management tool for Django. Users don't have to write every part of code, it will automatically generate.

- It can manage models

How to Use Django Admin

admin url:

http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin

1. Create Administrator

sudo python3 manage.py createsuperuser

2. Login to manage

Show title in admin page

In models.py, we can write a function

def __str__(self):
    return self.title

Register models in admin

In admin.py

We input:

from .models import Article
admin.site.register(Article)

Then we can see articles in admin page

Display content in the page

1. Define a function and return httpresponse

def article_content(request):
    article = Article.objects.all()[0]
    id = article.article_id
    title = article.title
    content = article.content
    abstract = article.abstract
    pub_date = article.pub_date
    return_str = 'id: %s, ' \
                 'title: %s, ' \
                 'content: %s, ' \
                 'abstract: %s, ' \
                 'pub_date: %s' % (id,
                                   title,
                                   content,
                                   abstract,
                                   pub_date)
    return HttpResponse(return_str)

2. Define the urls.py in app1

path('content', app1.views.article_content)

3. Define the urls.py in dijangoTry1

path('app1/', include('app1.urls'))

Create superuser

sudo python3 manage.py createsuperuser

Change read-only status

sudo chmod -R 777 ./