Template - Polymorphism is the ability of the same code to operate on different types. This ability to operate on multiple types reduces code duplication by allowing the same piece of code to be reused across the different types it can operate on. - Polymorphism comes in a variety of forms. What we are interested in at the moment is parametric polymorphism, meaning that we can write our code so that it is parameterized over what type it operates on. -That is, we want to declare a type parameter T and replace int with T in the above code. -Then, when we want to call the function, we can specify the type for T and get the function we desire. C++ provides parametric polymorphism through templates. Templated Functions - We can write a templated function by using the keyword template followed by the template parameters in angle brackets (<>). - Unlike function parameters, template parameters may be types, which are specified with typename where the type of the parameter wo...
Using Valgrind to check memory How to use Valgrind -To valgrind the program, run the valgrind command and give it our program name as an argument. -For example, if we want to run ./myProgram hello 42, we can simply run Valgrind ./myProgram hello 42. Uninitialized Values -When we run the program, we may use uninitialized values. It needs to be fixed. Valgrind can tell us about the use of uninitialized values. But it only tell when the control flow of the program depends on the unitialized value. For example, uninitialized value appears in the conditional expression of an if, or a loop, or in the switch statement. -If we want to know where the uninitialized value is from, we can use Valgrind --track-origins=yes ./myProgram -Using -fsanitize=address can find a lot of problems that Memcheck cannot. -We can use Valgrind with GDB to debug. We can run: --vgdb=full --vgdb-error=0., then Valgrind will stop on the first error that it encounters and give control to ...
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